Florianus

Florianus
Florianus
46th Emperor of the Roman Empire

Aureus of Emperor Florian.
Reign 276
Full name Marcus Annius Florianus (from birth to accession);
Caesar Marcus Annius Florianus Augustus (as emperor)
Died 276
Place of death Tarsus, Cilicia[1]
Predecessor Tacitus
Successor Probus

Florianus (Latin: Marcus Annius Florianus Augustus;[2] died 276), also known as Florian, was Roman Emperor for a few months in 276.

Contents

Biography

Hercules crowning Florianus.[3]

Florian was reportedly a maternal half-brother to the Emperor Marcus Claudius Tacitus.[4] Appointed Praetorian Prefect in Tacitus's army in his campaign against the Goths,[5] according to the available sources, he was chosen by the army in the West to succeed Tacitus in 276, without the Roman Senate consensus.[6] However he minted coins bearing the "SC" legend, thus showing some bonds to the Senate.[7]

He was fighting against the Heruli when the army in the East elected Probus.[8] He had the support of Italia, Gaul, Hispania, Britain, Africa, and Mauretania.[9] The two rival emperors met in battle in Cilicia. Florianus had the larger army, but Probus was a more experienced general, and avoided a direct clash.[10] Florian's western army was unused to the dry and hot eastern climate[11] and Probus likely secured a small victory, and Florian was assassinated by his own troops near Tarsus once their confidence was lost.[12] Florianus died in September 276, having been emperor for only eighty-eight days.[13]

Sources

Primary sources

Secondary sources

  • Mc Mahon, Robin, "Florian (276.D.)", De Imperatoribus Romanis, (2000)
  • Jones, A.H.M., Martindale, J.R. The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, Vol. I: AD260-395, Cambridge University Press, 1971
  • Southern, Pat. The Roman Empire from Severus to Constantine, Routledge, 2001
  • Canduci, Alexander (2010), Triumph & Tragedy: The Rise and Fall of Rome's Immortal Emperors, Pier 9, ISBN 978-1741965988 
  • Gibbon. Edward Decline & Fall of the Roman Empire (1888)

References

  1. ^ Canduci, pg. 101
  2. ^ Jones, pg. 367
  3. ^ This coin celebrates the AETERNITAS AVG, the eternal life of the emperor. However, Florianus ruled only eighty-eight days.
  4. ^ Historia Augusta, Vita Taciti, 17:4
  5. ^ Jones, pg. 367
  6. ^ Southern, pg. 127
  7. ^ McMahon, www.roman-emperors.org/florian.htm
  8. ^ Historia Augusta, Vita Probi, 10:1
  9. ^ Southern, pg. 127
  10. ^ Gibbon, Ch. 12
  11. ^ Southern, pg. 128
  12. ^ McMahon, www.roman-emperors.org/florian.htm
  13. ^ Canduci, pg. 101

External links

Media related to Florianus at Wikimedia Commons

Regnal titles
Preceded by
Marcus Claudius Tacitus
Roman Emperor
276
Succeeded by
Probus

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Look at other dictionaries:

  • Floriānus — Floriānus, 1) M. Annius, Bruder des römischen Kaisers Tacitus, wurde 276 Gegenkaiser des Probus, aber bald ermordet, s. Rom (Gesch.). 2) St. F., s. Florian …   Pierer's Universal-Lexikon

  • Floriānus — Floriānus, 1) M. Annius, Bruder und Prätorianerpräfekt des Kaisers M. Claudius Tacitus, versuchte nach dessen Tod (276 n. Chr.) den Thron in Besitz zu nehmen, wurde aber noch in demselben Jahr von seinen Soldaten zu Tarsos in Kilikien ermordet.… …   Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon

  • FLORIANUS — Imp. qui Tacit. fratri successit, dolens Probum, militiae peritum, ab magna exercitus parte esse electum, sibi ipsi venas incidit, effusoqueve sanguine consumptus est. Aurelius Victor, in vita eius. Vopise. similiter, A. C. 276 …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • Florianus — Marcus Annius Florianus († September 276 bei Tarsus) war ein römischer Kaiser. Leben Antoninian, auf dem Florianus von Herkules gekrönt wird Aufgrund der dürftigen Quellenlage ist über Florianus wenig Sicheres bekannt. Er wurde von …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Florianus, SS. (13) — 13SS. Florianus, Calanicus et 58 Soc. MM. (17. Dec.) Die hhl. Florianus, Calanicus und 58 Gefährten haben unter der Regierung des Kaisers Heraklius ihres Glaubens wegen durch die Saracenen zu Eleutheropolis in Palästina den Martertod erlitten.… …   Vollständiges Heiligen-Lexikon

  • Florianus, SS. (2) — 2SS. Florianus et 45 Soc. MM. (3. März). Die hhl. Florianus, Felix, Castus, Luciolus, Justus, Fortunatus und noch 40 Andere haben in Afrika die Palme des Martyrthums errungen. Das Mart. Rom. gedenkt an diesem Tage nur der hhl. Felix, Luciolus,… …   Vollständiges Heiligen-Lexikon

  • Florianus, S. (1) — 1S. Florianus, (8. Jan.), ein Martyrer zu Sirmium. S. S. Anastasius4. (I. 470.) …   Vollständiges Heiligen-Lexikon

  • Florianus, S. (10) — 10S. Florianus, (7. Mai), ein afrikanischer Martyrer. S. S. Celerinus5. (II. 136.) …   Vollständiges Heiligen-Lexikon

  • Florianus, S. (12) — 12S. Florianus, (2. Nov.), ein Martyrer in Münster (Monasterium). (El.) …   Vollständiges Heiligen-Lexikon

  • Florianus, S. (3) — 3S. Florianus, (4. März), ein Martyrer. S. S. Cajus9. (I. 461. 837.) …   Vollständiges Heiligen-Lexikon

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