Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr

Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr

`Abd Allah al-Zubayr or ibn Zubayr (Arabic: عبد الله بن الزبير‘Abdallāh ibn az-Zubayr; 624 - 692) was an Arab sahabi whose father was Zubayr ibn al-Awwam, and whose mother was Asma bint Abi Bakr, daughter of the first Caliph Abu Bakr. He was the nephew of Aisha, Prophet Muhammad's third wife.

Contents

Biography

He was a member of the Bani Assad tribe. As a young man, Abd Allah was an active participant in numerous Muslim campaigns against both the Byzantine and Sassanid empires. He marched to Sbeitla, Tunisia, the capital of self-proclaimed local emperor Gregory the Patrician. Gregory was defeated and killed in the Battle of Sufetula in 647 CE.

Ibn al-Zubayr's revolt

Ibn al-Zubayr was not active in politics during the reign of Muawiyah I, but upon the ascension of Yazid I, he refused to swear allegiance to the new caliph. He advised Husayn to accept the invitation of the men of Kufa and leave at once; this would have cleared Hejaz of his only rival in eminence.[1] One of his supporters, Muslim ibn Shihab, was the father of Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri who became a famous scholar.

Yazid

After the death of Husayn bin Ali at the Battle of Karbela, Ibn Zubayr returned to the Hejaz where he declared himself the righteous caliph, and he began building support. Eventually he consolidated his power by sending a governor to Kufa. Soon, Ibn Zubayr established his power in Iraq, southern Arabia and in the greater part of Syria, and parts of Egypt. Ibn Zubayr benefitted greatly from widespread dissatisfaction among the populace with Umayyad rule. Yazid tried to end Ibn Zubayr's rebellion by invading the Hejaz, and took Medina after the bloody Battle of al-Harrah followed by the siege of Makkah but his sudden death ended the campaign and threw the Umayyads into disarray with civil war eventually breaking out.

Marwan

This essentially split the Islamic empire into two spheres with two different caliphs, but soon the Umayyad civil war was ended, and Zubayr lost Egypt and whatever he had of Syria to Marwan I. This coupled with the Kharijite rebellions in Iraq reduced his domain to only the Hejaz.

Abd al-Malik

Ibn Zubayr was finally defeated by Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan, who sent Al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf to reunite the Islamic empire. Hajjaj defeated and killed Ibn Zubayr on the battlefield in 692, beheading him and crucifying his body, reestablishing Umayyad control over the Islamic Empire.

See also

References

  1. ^ Balyuzi, H. M.: Muhammad and the course of Islam. George Ronald, Oxford (U.K.), 1976, p.193

External links

Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr
Banu Asad
Sunni Islam titles
Preceded by
Muawiyah I
Islam Caliph
684–692
Succeeded by
Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan



Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужна курсовая?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Abd-Allah ibn al-Zubayr — Abd Allah al Zubayr or Ibn Zubayr or Abdullah ibn az Zubayr (624 692) ( ar. عبد الله بن الزبير) was a sahabi whose father was Zubayr ibn al Awwam the nephew of Aisha, wife of Muhammad, and whose mother was Asma bint Abu Bakr, daughter of the… …   Wikipedia

  • Abd Allāh ibn az-Zubayrʿ — ▪ Companion of Muḥammad born May 624, Medina, Arabia died November 692, Mecca       leader of a rebellion against the Umayyad (Umayyad Dynasty) ruling dynasty of the Islāmic empire, and the most prominent representative of the second generation… …   Universalium

  • Abd Allah Ben Az-Zubayr — Abû Bakr Abd Allah ben az Zubayr (623 692) (arabe : أبو بكر عبد الله بن الزبير). Il était membre de la tribu des Banu Assad, et du clan qurayshite des Banû Abd al Uzza, fils de Asmaa bint Abu Bakr, la fille du fidèle compagnon de Mahomet,… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Abd Allah ben al-Zubayr — Abd Allah ben az Zubayr Abû Bakr Abd Allah ben az Zubayr (623 692) (arabe : أبو بكر عبد الله بن الزبير). Il était membre de la tribu des Banu Assad, et du clan qurayshite des Banû Abd al Uzza, fils de Asmaa bint Abu Bakr, la fille du fidèle… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Abd Allah ben az-Zubayr — Abû Bakr Abd Allah ben az Zubayr (623 692) (arabe : أبو بكر عبد الله بن الزبير). Il était membre de la tribu des Banu Assad, et du clan qurayshite des Banû Abd al Uzza, fils de Asmaa bint Abu Bakr, la fille du fidèle compagnon de Mahomet,… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Abd allah ben az-zubayr — Abû Bakr Abd Allah ben az Zubayr (623 692) (arabe : أبو بكر عبد الله بن الزبير). Il était membre de la tribu des Banu Assad, et du clan qurayshite des Banû Abd al Uzza, fils de Asmaa bint Abu Bakr, la fille du fidèle compagnon de Mahomet,… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Abd Allah ibn Zobair — Abd Allah ben az Zubayr Abû Bakr Abd Allah ben az Zubayr (623 692) (arabe : أبو بكر عبد الله بن الزبير). Il était membre de la tribu des Banu Assad, et du clan qurayshite des Banû Abd al Uzza, fils de Asmaa bint Abu Bakr, la fille du fidèle… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • `Abd Allah ibn `Abbas — Abdullah ibn Abbas Title Hibr ul Ummah Born 618–619 CE[1] Died 687[2] …   Wikipedia

  • `Abd Allah ibn Rawahah — ‘Abdullah ibn Rawahah ibn Tha‘labah (Arabic: عبدالله ابن رواحة‎) was one of the companions of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad. Biography Ibn Rawahah was from the Arabian tribe, the Banu Khazraj.[1] At a time when writing was not a common skill he… …   Wikipedia

  • `Abd Allah ibn `Umar — Born 614CE Died 74 AH (693) Region Muslim scholar Main interests hadith and Fiqh …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”