Lithium bromide

Lithium bromide

Chembox new
ImageFile = Lithium-bromide-3D-ionic.png IUPACName = Lithium bromide
Section1 = Chembox Identifiers
CASOther = 7550-35-8
PubChem = 82050
EINECS = 231-439-8

Section2 = Chembox Properties
Formula = LiBr (anhydrous)
LiBr•2H2O (dihydrate)
MolarMass = 86.845(3) gmol-1
Appearance = White solid
Density = 3.464 gcm-3
MeltingPt = 552 °C
BoilingPt = 1265 °C
Solubility = 177 g/100 ml (20°C) (dihydrate)

Section3 = Chembox Hazards
MainHazards =
FlashPt =
Autoignition =

Lithium bromide, or LiBr, is a chemical compound of lithium and bromine. Its extreme hygroscopic character makes LiBr useful as a desiccant in certain air conditioning systems.Ulrich Wietelmann, Richard J. Bauer "Lithium and Lithium Compounds" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry 2005, Wiley-VCH: Weinheim.]

Production and properties

LiBr is prepared by treatment of lithium carbonate with hydrobromic acid. The salt forms several crystalline hydrates, unlike the other alkali metal bromides. [Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. "Inorganic Chemistry" Academic Press: San Diego, 2001. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.] The anhydrous salt forms cubic crystals similar to salt

Uses

Lithium bromide is used in air-conditioning systems as desiccant. Otherwise the salt is useful as a reagent in organic synthesis. For example it reversibly forms adducts with some pharmaceuticals.

Medical applications

Lithium bromide was used as a sedative beginning in the early 1900s, but it fell into disfavor in the 1940s when some heart patients died after using it as a salt substitute. [ [http://www.webmd.com/content/Article/87/99356.htm?pagenumber=1 Bipolar disorder] ] Like lithium carbonate and lithium chloride it was used as treatment for Bipolar disorder.

Hazards

Lithium salts are psychoactive and somewhat corrosive. Dosages for lithium carbonate are ca. 200 mg/day.

References

External links

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