Lie Yukou

Lie Yukou

Lie Yukou (zh-cpw|c=列圄寇/列禦寇|p=Lìe Yǔkòu| w= Lieh Yü-k'ou ; fl. ca. 400 BCE) is considered the author of the Daoist book "Liezi", which uses his honorific name Liezi (列子; Lièzĭ; Lieh-tzu; "Master Lie"). The second Chinese character in Yukou is written "kou" 寇 "bandit; enemy"; the first is written "yu" 圄 "imprison", "yu" 禦 "resist; ward off", or occasionally "yu" 御 "drive (carriage); ride (horse); control" (the [http://web.archive.org/web/20041010005538/users.compaqnet.be/cn111132/chuang-tzu/1.htm "Zhuangzi"] claims Liezi could "yufeng" 御風 "ride the wind").

There is little historical evidence of Lie Yukou as a Hundred Schools of Thought philosopher during the Warring States Period. This could be due to the burning of books and burying of scholars which occurred during the reign of Qin Shi Huang. However, some scholars believe that the "Zhuangzi" invented him as a Daoist exemplar. Frederic H. Balfour, who translated several Daoist texts, called Liezi "a philosopher who never lived" (1887:?) Lionel Giles expresses doubt in his Introduction:

Very little is known of our author beyond what he tells us himself. His full name was Lieh Yü-k'ou, and it appears that he was living in the Chêng State not long before the year 398 B.C., when the Prime Minister Tzu Yang was killed in a revolution. He figures prominently in the pages of Chuang Tzu, from whom we learn that he could 'ride upon the wind'. On the insufficient ground that he is not mentioned by the historian Ssu-ma Ch'ien, a certain critic of the Sung dynasty was led to declare that Lieh Tzu was only a fictitious personage invented by Chuang Tzu, and that the treatise which passes under his name was a forgery of later times. This theory is rejected by the compilers of the great Catalogue of Ch'ien Lung's Library, who represent the cream of Chinese scholarship in the eighteenth century.

It may also be interesting to note that in the above quote Mr. Lionel Giles may have been refuting his father Herbert Allen Giles, who wrote of Lie Yukou or Lieh-Tzu in his translation of Chuang Tzu. Here is his quote which runs as follows:

The extent of the actual mischief done by this " Burning of the Books " has been greatly exaggerated. Still, the mere attempt at such a holocaust gave a fine chance to the scholars of the later Han dynasty (A.D. 25-221), who seem to have enjoyed nothing so much as forging, if not the whole, at any rate portions, of the works of ancient authors. Some one even produced a treatise under the name of Lieh Tzu, a philosopher mentioned by Chuang Tzu, not seeing that the individual in question was a creation of Chuang Tzu's brain!

References

*Balfour, Frederic H. "Leaves from my Chinese Scrapbook". London: Trubner. 1887. Reprint. 2001.
*Giles, Lionel, tr. "Taoist Teachings from the Book of Lieh-Tzŭ". London: Wisdom of the East. 1912.
*Giles, Herbert A., tr. "Chuang Tzu: Mystic, Moralist and Social Reformer". London: Bernard Quaritch 1889.

External links

* [http://www.taopage.org/liehtzu.html Lieh-tzu: A Biographical Note] , Taoism Initiation Page
* [http://www.sacred-texts.com/tao/tt/index.htm Taoist Teachings Translated from the 'Book of Lieh-Tzu'] , Giles' translation, Internet Sacred Text Archive
*gutenberg author|name=Liezi|id=Liezi


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно сделать НИР?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Lie Yukou — 列圄寇 ou 列禦寇, encore appelé Lie Zi 列子, est un sage de la période des Printemps et des Automnes ou des Royaumes combattants cité dans le Zhuangzi et les Annales de Lü, devenu un personnage important du taoïsme. La tradition lui attribue la rédaction …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Lie Yukou — (Chino simplificado: 列御寇: Chino tradicional: 列禦寇; Pinyin: Liè Yǔkòu) fue un taoísta chino, autor del Liezi (列子). Vivió alrededor del año 350 a. C., durante el Período de los Reinos Combatientes. Se sabe muy poco del autor además de lo… …   Wikipedia Español

  • Lie Yukou — Liezi (auch Liä Dsi, Lieh Tzu oder Liä Tse, 列 子), Meister Lie, (um 450 v. Chr.) war ein chinesischer Philosoph der daoistischen Richtung, der das Werk Das wahre Buch vom quellenden Urgrund (ins deutsche übersetzt von Richard Wilhelm) verfasst… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

  • Lie-zi —   [chinesisch »Meister Lie«], Lie tzu, Lieh tzu, historisch schwer fassbarer taoistischer Philosoph namens Lie Yukou (4. Jahrhundert v. Chr.?), zugleich Titel eines ihm zugeschriebenen Werkes, das wohl erst Ende des 3. Jahrhunderts n. Chr. unter… …   Universal-Lexikon

  • Lie Zi — El Liezi (Chino: 列子; Pinyin: liè zĭ; Wade Giles: Lieh Tzu) es una de las tres obras fundamentales del taoísmo filosófico, junto con las más conocidas de Laozi y Zhuangzi. Es atribuido a Lie Yukou (Lie Zi), a quien se considera un personaje… …   Wikipedia Español

  • Lie Zi — Le Lie Zi (Lie Tseu) 列子 ou Vrai classique du vide parfait est un recueil de fables philosophiques et d’aphorismes se rattachant en majorité au courant taoïste, mentionné pour la première fois dans le chapitre littérature du Livre des Han et… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Liezi — Lie Zi série Taoïsme Courants Textes Personnalités Notions et pratiques Divinités …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Vrai classique du vide parfait — Lie Zi série Taoïsme Courants Textes Personnalités Notions et pratiques Divinités …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Liezi — For the author, see Lie Yukou; for the village in Azerbaijan, see Liəzi. Taoism This article is part of a series on Taoism Fundamentals …   Wikipedia

  • Iñaki Preciado Idoeta — (n. Madrid, 1941), es doctor en filosofía, traductor, tibetólogo y pionero de la moderna sinología española. Contenido 1 Biografía 1.1 Traducción 1.2 Premios …   Wikipedia Español

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”