1st century

1st century

The 1st century was the century that lasted from 1 to 100 according the Julian calendar. It is considered part of the "Classical era, epoch, or historical period"

During this period Europe, North Africa and the Near East fell under increasing domination by the Roman Empire, which continued expanding, most notably conquering Britain under the emperor Claudius (43). The reforms introduced by Augustus during his long reign stabilized the empire after the turmoil of the previous century's civil wars. Later in the century the Julio-Claudian Dynasty, which had been founded by Augustus came to an end with the death of Nero in 68. There followed the famous Year of Four Emperors, a brief period of civil war and instability, which was finally brought to an end by Vespasian, 9th Roman emperor, and founder of the Flavian Dynasty.

China continued to be dominated by the Han Dynasty, despite a 14 year interruption by the Xin dynasty under Wang Mang. Han rule was restored in 23; Wang Mang's rule represents the watershed between the Western/Former Han and the Eastern/Later Han. The capital was also moved from Chang'an to Luoyang.

Christianity

According to the New Testament, during the reign of Tiberius, Jesus, a Jewish religious leader from Galilee, was crucified in Judea on the charge of blasphemyFact|date=July 2008 for claiming to be the divine Messiah, and was resurrected by God three days later. Over the next few decades his followers, most notably the apostle Paul, carried his message throughout the Greek-speaking regions of Asia Minor, eventually introducing it to Rome itself. Roman rulers began to persecute the new sect almost immediately (the emperor Nero infamously accused the Christians of starting the fires that would destroy much of Rome), and would continue to do so for centuries, sometimes vigorously, and other times passively, until Christianity was eventually taken up by the emperor Constantine in the 4th century, and later established by Theodosius I as the official religion of the Roman state.

Events and economy

.

*1: Lions became extinct in Western Europe.
*c.6: Census of Quirinius
*823: Wang Mang temporarily overthrew the Han dynasty of China.
*9: Three Roman legions were ambushed and destroyed at Teutoberg Forest by Germans under the leadership of Arminius.
*14: Augustus Caesar, first emperor of Rome, dies. His nephew Tiberius is his successor.
*2875: Emperor Ming of Han, Buddhism reaches China.
*2736: Crucifixion of Jesus Christ. Death of Jesus.
*4154: Rachias, an Ambassador sent from Sri Lanka to the court of Claudius.
*Masoretes adds vowel pointings to the text of the Tanakh, the Hebrew Bible.
*Buddhist monks in Sri Lanka first write down Buddha's teachings, creating the Pali canon.
*Tacitus mentions the Suiones, who will one day be called the Swedes.
*Kaundinya, an Indian Brahmin marries Soma and establishes the Pre-Angkor Cambodian Kingdom of Funan.
*The Goths settle in northern Poland, which they called Gothiscandza, and shape the Wielbark culture.
*Christian Council of Jerusalem.
*52 (?) Arrival of Apostle Thomas to Malabar, India.Beginning of Christianity in India
*July 19, 64: Great Fire of Rome, first Roman mass Persecution of Christians, earliest significant recognition of Christians in Rome.
*6673 First Jewish-Roman War.
*70, August: destruction of Herod's Temple in Jerusalem by the Romans under Titus.
*79, August: Pompeii and Herculaneum destroyed by eruption of Mount Vesuvius.
*Jewish Council of Jamnia.
*Spread of the Roman Empire, reaches largest size under Trajan.
*Arena (colosseum) is constructed, origin of the name Arena.
*Late 1st century — Cityscape, detail of a Second Style wall painting from a bedroom in the House of Publius Fannius Synistor, Boscoreale, is made. It is now at The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
*The painting "Alexander the Great confronts Darius III at the Battle of Issos", detail of mosaic floor decoration from Pompeii, Italy is made. It is a Roman copy after a Greek painting of c. 310 BC, perhaps by Philoxenos or Helen of Egypt. It is now at Museo Archeologico Nazionale, Naples, Italy.

ignificant people

* Apollonius of Tyana
* Akiba
* Arminius
* Boudica, also known as Boadicea
* Augustus
* Caligula
* Claudius
* Clement I of Rome
* Decebalus
* Domitian
* Du Shi
* Elisha ben Abuyah
* Galba
* Germanicus
* Guangwu of Han, Emperor
* Hero of Alexandria
* Hillel the Elder
* Ignatius of Antioch
* James the Just
* Jesus of Nazareth
* John the Baptist
* Josephus
* Liu Xin
* Livy
* Ma Yuan
* Ming of Han, Emperor
* Nero
* Nerva
* Otho
* Paul of Tarsus
* Philo
* Pliny the Elder
* Pontius Pilate
* Seneca the Younger
* Strabo
* Tacitus
* Thomas the Apostle
* Tiberius
* Titus
* Trajan
* Vespasian
* Vitellius
* Wang Chong
* Wang Mang

Inventions, discoveries, introductions

* Codex, the first form of the modern book, appears in the Roman empire
* Year 78 — the beginning of the Saka Era used by South Asian calendars.
* Bookbinding
* Various inventions by Hero of Alexandria, including the steam turbine (aeolipile), water organ, and various other water-powered machines.
*In 31, the Han Dynasty Chinese engineer and statesman Du Shi (d. 38) from Nanyang invented the first-known hydraulic-powered bellows to heat the blast furnace in smelting cast iron. He used a complex mechanical device that was powered by the rushing current against a waterwheel, a practice that would continue in China.
*Although Philo of Byzantium described the saqiya chain pump in the early 2nd century BC, the square-pallet chain pump was innovated in China during this century, mentioned first by the philosopher Wang Chong around 80 AD. Wang Chong also accurately described the water cycle in meteorology, and argued against the mainstream 'radiating influence' theory for solar eclipses, the latter of which was accepted by many, including Zhang Heng.
*The Chinese astronomer Liu Xin (d. 23) documented 1080 different stars, amongst other achievements.

Decades and years


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно решить контрольную?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • 1st century AH — is a lunar century in the Islamic calendar that corresponds to 622 ndash; 719 CE. NOTOC yearbox width = 500 in?= cp=1st century BH c=1st century AH cf=2nd century AH| yp1=3 BH yp2=2 BH yp3=1 BH year=1 AH ya1=2 AH ya2=3 AH ya3=4 AH dp3=30s BH… …   Wikipedia

  • 1st century BH — is a century in the Islamic calendar that corresponds to 525 ndash; 622 CE. NOTOC yearbox width = 500 in?= cp=2nd century BH c=1st century BH cf=1st century AH| yp1=103 BH yp2=102 BH yp3=101 BH year=100 BH ya1=99 BH ya2=98 BH ya3=97 BH dp3=120s… …   Wikipedia

  • 1st century BC — The 1st century BC started the first day of 100 BC and ended the last day of 1 BC. It is considered part of the Classical era, epoch, or historical period. An alternative name for this century is the last century BC. The AD/BC notation does not… …   Wikipedia

  • 1st century BC in architecture — See also: 2nd century BC in architecture, other events of the 1st century BC, 1st century in architecture and the architecture timeline.Buildings* 27 BC Precursor to Pantheon in Rome built and dedicated by Marcus Agrippa. * 10s BC Maison Carrée,… …   Wikipedia

  • 1st century in architecture — See also: 1st century BC in architecture, other events of the 1st century, 2nd century in architecture and the architecture timeline.Buildings* 60s Domus Aurea in Rome begun. * 80 Collosseum in Rome completed.BirthsDeaths …   Wikipedia

  • 1st century in poetry — centuryinbox in?=in poetry cpa= cpb=1st century BC c=1st century cn1=2nd centuryRoman empirePoets (by date of birth)* Columella (4 70), Cadiz? * Persius (34 62), Etruscan * Quintilian (35 95) * Lucan (Nov. 3, 39 Apr. 3, 65), Hispania Baetica *… …   Wikipedia

  • 1st century BC in poetry — Bccenturyinbox in?=in poetry cpa= cpb=2nd century BC c=1st century BC cn1=1st centuryRoman republic/Roman empirePoets (by date of birth)* Lucretius (94 49 BCE) * Catullus (84 54 BCE) * Virgil (Oct. 15, 70 Sept. 21, 19 BCE) * Gallus (69 26 BC),… …   Wikipedia

  • 1st century in Roman Britain — Events from the 1st century in Roman Britain.Events* 7 CE ** Cunobelin of the Catuvellauni defeats the Trinovantes, and establishes a capitol at Colchester. * 9 ** Cunobelin becomes king of the Catuvellauni. * 39/40 ** A succession crisis erupts… …   Wikipedia

  • Christianity in the 1st century — Christians believe that Jesus is the mediator of the New Covenant.[1] Depicted by 19th century Danish painter Carl Heinrich Bloch is his Sermon on the Mount (c. 30) in which he Expounds on the Law. Some scholars consider this to be …   Wikipedia

  • Chronological list of saints in the 1st century — A list of 1st century saints: Name Birth Birthplace Death Place of Death Notes Joseph     29 Nazareth husband of the Blessed Virgin Mary John the Baptist     32 Machaerus …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”