- Suiyuan Campaign (1936)
Warbox
conflict=Suiyuan Campaign 1936
partof=Second Sino-Japanese War
date=October – November1936
place=Suiyuan province,Inner Mongolia
result= Chinese victory
combatant1= flagicon|Republic of ChinaRepublic of China
combatant2="(advisiors only)"
commander1= flagicon|Republic of ChinaFu Tso-yi
flagicon|Republic of ChinaTang Enbo
flagicon|Republic of ChinaZhao Chengshou
flagicon|Republic of ChinaWang Jingguo
commander2=
strength1= flagicon|Republic of China Local Provincial forces: 35th Army, Cavalry Army, 19th Army, AA battalion from Nanking
strength2= 30 Japanese advisors
casualties1= ?
casualties2= approx. 7,000 |The Suiyuan Campaign was an engagement between the
National Revolutionary Army of theRepublic of China and the Japanese-trained Inner Mongolian/Grand Han Righteous Armies before the outbreak of official hostilities during theSecond Sino-Japanese War .Background
The
Tanggu Truce of 1933 established aceasefire between theImperial Japanese Army and theKuomintang National Revolutionary Army , including ademilitarized zone running from the coast atTianjin toBeijing . As neither theEmpire of Japan nor theRepublic of China wanted to break the truce overtly, the center of conflict shifted west toInner Mongolia , where proxy armies were used by both sides over the provinces ofChahar andSuiyuan . During the 1933-1936 period, Chahar proclaimed itself the independent Mongol Military Government allied with Japan under PrinceDemchugdongrub who sought to rule all of Inner and Outer Mongolia and parts ofnorthern China .History
On
November 14 ,1936 a coalition of theInner Mongolian Army 's 7th and 8th Cavalry Divisions, Wang Ying'sGrand Han Righteous Army , and Mongol mercenaries from Jehol, Chahar and other areas, supported by 30 Japanese advisors, attacked the Chinese garrison atHongort .After several days of fighting the attackers failed to capture the town. On
November 17 a Chinese counterattack surprised the invaders and led to a disorganized retreat. Taking advantage of the Mongolian disorder GeneralFu Tso-yi made a flanking movement to the west of the Mongolian headquarters at Pai-ling-miao and attacked, capturing it and routing the Mongolian forces, who suffered 300 killed, 600 wounded, 300 captured. Wang and his Grand Han Righteous Army were trucked into a location near Pai-ling-miao and launched a counterattack, which failed dismally onDecember 19 , with most of the attackers either taken prisoner or annihilated. [Guo Rugui , [http://www.wehoo.net/book/wlwh/a30012/04580.htm 第二部分:从“九一八”事变到西安事变日本侵绥的战备企图和中日 2] .]Small scale fighting continued in Suiyuan until the beginning of open hostilities following the
Marco Polo Bridge Incident the following year.Aftermath
The defeat of Japan’s proxy forces encouraged many Chinese into pushing for a more active resistance against the Japanese. The
Xi'an Incident which occurred immediately after the successful outcome of this campaign was possibly triggered by this event.Small scale combat continued in Suiyuan until the beginning of open hostilities following the
Marco Polo Bridge Incident the following year. Following his defeat in Suiyuan, Prince Demchugdongrub was forced to rebuild his army. With Japanese help by the time war broke out in July of 1937, his army consisted of 20,000 men in eight cavalry divisions. These forces participated inOperation Chahar and theBattle of Taiyuan during which Japanese regular and allied Inner Mongol forces finally captured eastern Suiyuan province.Notes
ee also
*
Actions in Inner Mongolia (1933-36)
*Order of Battle Suiyuan Campaign(1936) Sources
* Jowett, Phillip S. , Rays of The Rising Sun, Armed Forces of Japan’s Asian Allies 1931-45, Volume I: China & Manchuria, 2004. Helion & Co. Ltd., 26 Willow Rd., Solihul, West Midlands, England.
* 中国抗日战争正面战场作战记 (China's Anti-Japanese War Combat Operations)
** Guo Rugui, editor-in-chief Huang Yuzhang
** Jiangsu People's Publishing House
** Date published : 2005-7-1
** ISBN:7214030349
** On line in Chinese: [http://www.wehoo.net/book/wlwh/a30012/A0170.htm 中国抗战正向战场作战记]External links
* [http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/PTO/IMTFE/IMTFE-5a.html International Military Tribunal for the Far East, Chapter 5: Japanese Aggression Against China]
* [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,753960,00.html TIME Oct. 23, 1933, Inner Mongolia for Inner Mongolians]
* [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,746478,00.html TIME, Dec. 11, 1933 Generalissimo’s Last Straw]
* [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,746922,00.html TIME Magazine, Feb. 12, 1934 The Word is Out]
* [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,758024-1,00.html TIME Magazine, Jul. 26, 1937 Another "Kuo"?]Topographic Map
* [http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/ams/china/txu-oclc-10552568-nk49-8.jpgWu Chuan nk49-8] Pai-ling-miao, Wu Chuan area of Suiyuan Province
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