Joint mobilization

Joint mobilization

Joint mobilization is a type of passive movement of a skeletal joint. It is usually aimed at a 'target' synovial joint with the aim of achieving a therapeutic effect. When applied to the spine, it is known as spinal mobilization.

Terminology

Mobilization is a manual therapy intervention and is classified by five 'grades' of motion, each of which describes the range of motion of the target joint during the procedure. [ Maitland, G.D. "Peripheral Manipulation" 2nd ed. Butterworths, London, 1977.
Maitland, G.D. "Vertebral Manipulation" 5th ed. Butterworths, London, 1986.
]

Roman numerals are generally used in labelling the grades of motion (i.e. Grades I to V). Grade V is the same as manipulation.

Mechanisms of action

The different grades of mobilization are believed to produce selective activation of different mechanoreceptors in the joint:PDFlink| [http://sunzi1.lib.hku.hk/hkjo/view/47/4700061.pdf How Manipulation Works] .

* Grade I - Activates Type I mechanoreceptors with a low threshold and which respond to very small increments of tension.

: Activates cutaneous mechanoreceptors.

: Oscillatory motion will selectively activate the dynamic, rapidly adapting receptors, ie. Meissner's and Pacinian Corpuscles . The former respond to the rate of skin indentation and the latter respond to the acceleration and retraction of that indentation.

* Grade II - Similar effect as Grade I.

: By virtue of the large amplitude movement it will affect Type II mechanoreceptors to a greater extent.

* Grade III - Similar to Grade II.

: Selectively activates more of the muscle and joint mechanoreceptors as it goes into resistance, and less of the cutaneous ones as the slack of the subcutaneous tissues is taken up.

* Grade IV - Similar to Grade III.

: With its more sustained movement at the end of range will activate the static, slow adapting, Type I mechanoreceptors, whose resting discharge rises in proportion to the degree of change in joint capsule tension.

* Grade V - This is the same as joint manipulation. Use of the term 'Grade V' is only valid if the joint is positioned near to its end range of motion during joint manipulation. Evans and Breen [cite journal | author = Evans DW, Breen AC. | title = A biomechanical model for mechanically efficient cavitation production during spinal manipulation: prethrust position and the neutral zone. | journal = J Manipulative Physiol Ther | volume = 29 | issue = 1 | pages = 72–82 | year = 2006 | pmid = 16396734 | doi = 10.1016/j.jmpt.2005.11.011] recently contested this assumption, in fact arguing that an individual synovial joint should be positioned near to its resting, neutral position.

References

See also

* Joint manipulation
* Orthopedic medicine
* Osteopathic Manipulative Medicine
* Chiropractic
* Physical therapy


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем написать курсовую

Look at other dictionaries:

  • Mobilization (disambiguation) — Mobilization can refer to: Mobilization of military forces Joint mobilization, a type of passive movement of a skeletal joint Mobilization: The International Quarterly Review of Social Movement Research, a social movement journal Mass… …   Wikipedia

  • Joint Base Lewis-McChord — Part of United States Army I Corps United States Army I Corps Air Mobility Command (AMC) Located near …   Wikipedia

  • Joint manipulation — For extended detail of manipulation of spinal joints, see Spinal manipulation. Joint manipulation is a type of passive movement of a skeletal joint. It is usually aimed at one or more target synovial joints with the aim of achieving a therapeutic …   Wikipedia

  • Mobilization Device — AFRM with silver hourglass and 2 Mobilization Awards The Mobilization Device is an award …   Wikipedia

  • joint operation planning — Planning for contingencies that can reasonably be anticipated in an area of responsibility or joint operations area of the command. Planning activities exclusively associated with the preparation of operation plans, operation plans in concept… …   Military dictionary

  • Joint Operation Planning and Execution System — A system that provides the foundation for conventional command and control by national and combatant command level commanders and their staffs. It is designed to satisfy their information needs in the conduct of joint planning and operations.… …   Military dictionary

  • Mobilization for Global Justice — The Mobilization for Global Justice (or MGJ) is a [Washington, DC Area [Washington, D.C.] , USA, based activist group working on issues of social and economic justice. The group is perhaps best known for its demonstrations held during the… …   Wikipedia

  • mobilization — 1. Making movable; restoring the power of motion in a joint. 2. The act or the result of the act of mobilizing; exciting a hitherto quiescent process into physiologic activity. SEE ALSO: mobilize. 3. The process by which a conjugative plastid… …   Medical dictionary

  • Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS — The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV and AIDS, or UNAIDS, is the main advocate for accelerated, comprehensive and coordinated global action on the HIV epidemic.UNAIDS mission is to lead, strengthen and support an expanded response to HIV and …   Wikipedia

  • Spinal mobilization — is a type of passive movement of a spinal segment or region. It is usually performed with the aim of achieving a therapeutic effect.Spinal mobilization has been described as a gentle, often oscillatory, passive movement applied to a spinal region …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”