Investiture

Investiture

Investiture, from the Latin (preposition "in" and verb "vestire", 'dress' from "vestis" 'robe') is a rather general term for the formal installation of an incumbent (heir, elect of nominee) in public office, especially by taking possession of its insignia. The term is normally reserved for formal offices of state, aristocracy and church.

In the feudal system, investiture was the ceremonial transfer of a fief by an overlord to a vassal. The lord "invested" the vassal with a fiefdom, by giving a symbol of the land or office conveyed in return for an oath of fealty. From feudal times up to the present, the term has been used in ecclesiastical law to refer to a cleric receiving the symbols of spiritual office, such as the pastoral ring, mitre and staff, signifying transfer of the office.

As the insignia can include the formal dress and adornment (robes of state, headdress etcetera) the etymology refers to, but also other regalia in the widest sense, such as a throne or other seat of office, the word is a convenient generic term, also for such more specific cases as coronation (see that article and regalia for more on such ceremonies) and enthronement, though these are also used (rather imprecisely, by analogy) in such extended sense.

ecular usage

The term is used to describe the installation of individuals in institutions that usually have been extant from feudal times. For example, the installation of heads of state and various other state functions with ceremonial roles are "invested" with office. Usually the investiture involves ceremonial transfer of the symbols of the particular office

Judges in many countries, including justices of the Supreme Court of the United States, are invested with their office. American justices typically take two oaths: one to uphold the Constitution of the United States, and the other to apply the principle of Equal Protection to the rich and the poor (source: [http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,170760,00.html] ). Likewise, university presidents, rectors and chancellors are invested with office.

In the United Kingdom, around 2,600 people are invested personally by The Queen or a member of the Royal Family. A list of those to be honoured is published twice a year, in either the New Year's Honours List or The Queen's Birthday Honours List.Approximately 22 Investitures are held annually in Buckingham Palace, one or two at the Palace of Holyroodhouse in Edinburgh and one in Cardiff.

Ecclesiastical usage

Lay investiture was the appointment of bishops, abbots, and other church officials by feudal lords and vassals. The secular ruler usually invested the elect/appointee with the insignia of his ecclesiastic office, while the Pope crowned the Holy Roman Emperor (elected by the German Electoral Princes).

The question who should invest (or more to the point, appoint) whom was the subject of an epic conflict between the Catholic church (mainly papacy) and state (mainly the Holy Roman Empire) in the Middle Ages during the so-called Investiture Controversy.


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  • investiture — Investiture …   Thresor de la langue françoyse

  • investiture — [ ɛ̃vɛstityr ] n. f. • 1460; envesture XIIIe; lat. médiév. investitura ♦ Dr. 1 ♦ Hist. Acte formaliste accompagnant la « tradition », la mise en possession (d un fief, d un bien fonds). Investiture d un fief. ♢ Dr. can. Investiture d un évêché.… …   Encyclopédie Universelle

  • Investiture — In*ves ti*ture (?; 135), n. [LL. investitura: cf. F. investiture.] [1913 Webster] 1. The act or ceremony of investing, or the state of being invested, as with an office; a giving possession; also, the right of so investing. [1913 Webster] He had… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • investiture — in·ves·ti·ture /in ves tə ˌchu̇r, chər, ˌtyu̇r/ n 1: the act of establishing in office or ratifying 2: livery of seisin Merriam Webster’s Dictionary of Law. Merriam Webster. 1996 …   Law dictionary

  • investiture — Investiture. s. f. v. L acte par lequel on est investi d un fief par le Seigneur dominant. Donner l investiture d un fief. lettres d investiture …   Dictionnaire de l'Académie française

  • investiture — late 14c., from M.L. investitura, from pp. stem of L. investire to clothe (see INVEST (Cf. invest)) …   Etymology dictionary

  • investiture — ► NOUN 1) the action of formally investing a person with honours or rank. 2) a ceremony at which this takes place …   English terms dictionary

  • investiture — [in ves′təchər] n. [ME < ML investitura < L investire] 1. a formal investing as with an office, power, or authority, often with appropriate symbols or robes 2. anything that clothes or covers; vesture 3. Feudal Law ceremonial transfer of… …   English World dictionary

  • Investiture — Cette page d’homonymie répertorie les différents sujets et articles partageant un même nom. Une cérémonie d investiture est une cérémonie formelle au cours de laquelle un individu endosse des fonctions ou une position d autorité et de pouvoir. Le …   Wikipédia en Français

  • investiture — (in vè sti tu r ) s. f. 1°   Acte par lequel on investit quelqu un d un fief ou d une dignité ecclésiastique. •   Vous aviez promis de donner l investiture du duché de Milan au plus jeune de mes trois fils, FÉN. Dial. des morts mod. Charles Quint …   Dictionnaire de la Langue Française d'Émile Littré

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