Pentosan polysulfate

Pentosan polysulfate

Drugbox
IUPAC_name =



width = 150px
CAS_number=37300-21-3
ATC_prefix=C05
ATC_suffix=BA04
PubChem=37720
DrugBank=
C=14 | H=26 | O=21 | S=4
molecular_weight = 658.608
bioavailability= ?
metabolism = ?
elimination_half-life=?
excretion = urine
pregnancy_category = ?
legal_status = ?
routes_of_administration= Oral, intramuscular, intra-articular, intraventricular

Pentosan polysulfate (sold under the name Elmiron by Ortho-McNeil Pharmaceutical, inc.) was the first --and only-- oral medication approved by the U.S. FDA for the treatment of interstitial cystitis, also known as painful bladder syndrome.

Uses

Interstitial cystitis

Interstitial cystitis patients struggle with symptoms of urinary frequency, urgency, pressure and/or pain, as well as nocturia (frequent urination at night), dyspareunia (painful intercourse), pain and/or discomfort while sitting in a car, while driving and/or travelling.

The origin/cause of IC is unknown though a number of theories are currently under consideration. Urine cultures are typically negative for infection, yet it is not unusual for patients to believe that they have had infections for years rather than IC, because the symptoms of an infection are nearly identical to the symptoms of IC.

Pentosan polysulfate is available as pills or directly infused into the bladder.

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies

Recently pentosan polysulfate has gained attention as possibly being effective in the treatment of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD), although there is as yet no definitive evidence for this other than results of the ongoing treatment (published) of one patient in Northern Ireland and around six other patients in mainland Britain. [ [http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/4306351.stm BBC NEWS | Health | Research will now assess CJD drug ] ]

Around 15 other patients in non-UK countries have also received this treatment in an attempt to halt or slow down CJD and related disease progression.

Pharmacology

Pentosan is believed to work by providing a protective coating to the damaged bladder wall. The critical flaw of the medication, however, is its exceptionally poor bioavailability when taken orally. Research presented late in 2005 by Alza Pharmaceuticals demonstrates that more than 94% of the medication is excreted, intact, in feces without providing any beneficial effect. [Simon M, McClanahan RH, Shah JF et al. Metabolism of [3H] pentosan polysulfate sodium (PPS) in healthy human volunteers. Xenobiotica. 2005 Aug;35(8):775-84. PMID 16278190] Their research found that only 6% was excreted through urine. The drug must be taken for several months for most patients to achieve some benefit.

More recently, however, pentosan polysulfate has been studied as part of a "rescue instillation" which is placed directly in the bladder and can, perhaps, provide better effectiveness. C. Lowell Parsons has presented a research study which shows a 90% effectiveness in reducing the symptoms of IC patients by using this instillation.Fact|date=January 2008

ide effects

Patients who have taken pentosan orally report a variety of side effects, primarily GI complaints such as diarrhea, heartburn, stomach pain. Hair loss, headache, rash, insomnia have also been reported. One concern is the potential for blood thinning with this medication. Some patients have reported that they bruise more easily. In some cases, patients are asked to stop medication before any major surgical procedures to reduce the likelihood of bleeding.

References

External links

* [http://www.ic-network.com/guestlectures/ "Meet the IC Expert" Guest Lecture by C. Lowell Parsons, MD]
* [http://www.icadvice.com/node/9 Elmiron FAQ] (For Interstitial Cystitis patients)
*.


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Нужно сделать НИР?

Look at other dictionaries:

  • pentosan polysulfate sodium — a polysulfated derivative of a xylose containing, glucuronate substituted pentosan, with an average molecular weight between 4000 and 6000 daltons, and having fibrinolytic and anticoagulant actions; used as an antiinflammatory in the treatment of …   Medical dictionary

  • pentosan polysulfate — A drug used to relieve pain or discomfort associated with chronic inflammation of the bladder. It is also being evaluated for its protective effects on the gastrointestinal tract in people undergoing radiation therapy …   English dictionary of cancer terms

  • Interstitial cystitis — DiseaseDisorder infobox Name = Interstitial cystitis ICD10 = ICD10|N|30|1|n|30 ICD9 = ICD9|595.1 ICDO = Caption = OMIM = MedlinePlus = 000477 eMedicineSubj = med eMedicineTopic = 2866 DiseasesDB = 30832 Interstitial cystitis (commonly abbreviated …   Wikipedia

  • Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease — Infobox Disease Name = Creutzfeldt Jakob disease Caption = DiseasesDB = 3166 ICD10 = ICD10|A|81|0|a|80, ICD10|F|02|1|f|00 ICD9 = ICD9|046.1 ICDO = OMIM = 123400 MedlinePlus = eMedicineSubj = neuro eMedicineTopic = 725 MeshID = D007562 Creutzfeldt …   Wikipedia

  • Heparin — Systematic (IUPAC) name see Hep …   Wikipedia

  • Pentosano polisulfato — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Pentosano polisulfato …   Wikipedia Español

  • Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease — Classification and external resources Tonsil biopsy in variant CJD. Prion Protein immunostaining. ICD 10 A …   Wikipedia

  • Ketamine — drugbox IUPAC name = 2 (2 chlorophenyl) 2 methylamino cyclohexan 1 one width = 150 CAS number = 6740 88 1 ATC prefix = N01 ATC suffix = AX03 ATC supplemental = ATC|N01|AX14 PubChem = 3821 DrugBank = APRD00493 C=13 | H=16 | Cl=1 | N=1 | O=1 smiles …   Wikipedia

  • Magnesium hydroxide — IUPAC name Magnesium hydroxide …   Wikipedia

  • Ammonium chloride — IUPAC name …   Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”