Potassium citrate

Potassium citrate
Potassium citrate
Identifiers
CAS number 866-84-2
PubChem 13344
ChemSpider 12775 YesY
ChEMBL CHEMBL1200458
Jmol-3D images Image 1
Properties
Molecular formula C6H5K3O7
Molar mass 306.395 g/mol
Appearance white powder
hygroscopic
Odor odorless
Density 1.98 g/cm3
Melting point

180 °C[1]

Boiling point

230 °C[1]

Solubility in water soluble
Solubility soluble in glycerin
insoluble in ethanol (95%)
Hazards
LD50 170 mg/kg (IV, dog)
 YesY (verify) (what is: YesY/N?)
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox references

Potassium citrate is a potassium salt of citric acid with the molecular formula C6H5K3O7. It is a white, slightly hygroscopic crystalline powder. It is odorless with a saline taste.

As a food additive, potassium citrate is used to regulate acidity and is known as E number E332. Medicinally, it may be used to control kidney stones derived from either uric acid or cystine.

Contents

Uses

Potassium citrate is rapidly absorbed when given by mouth and is excreted in the urine as the carbonate. It is, therefore, effective in reducing the pain and frequency of urination when these are caused by highly acidic urine. It is used for this purpose in dogs and cats, but is chiefly employed as a non-irritating diuretic.

Potassium citrate is an effective way to treat/manage gout and arrhythmia, if the patient is hypokalemic. In common with other substances that render the urine alkaline, it may be used to reduce the danger of crystalluria during sulfonamide therapy.

It is widely used to treat urinary calculi (kidney stones), and is often used by patients with cystinuria. A study of 500 patients with recurrent stones found that it reduced the frequency of stones from 2 per year to a half per year. It is also used in many soft drinks as a buffering agent.

It is also used as an alkanising agent in the treatment of mild urinary tract infections such as cystitis[2]

Administration

Potassium citrate is usually administered by mouth in dilute aqueous solution. This is because of its somewhat caustic effect on the stomach lining, and the potential for other mild health hazards.

The maximum allowable over-the-counter (OTC) dose for elemental potassium is regulated by the FDA to be no more than 100 mg (approximately 3% of the daily allowance).[citation needed] Pure potassium citrate contains 38.28% potassium.

External links

References


Wikimedia Foundation. 2010.

Игры ⚽ Поможем решить контрольную работу

Look at other dictionaries:

  • potassium citrate — potassium citrate, a white, crystalline substance used in medicine as a diuretic, expectorant, anntacid. In certain heart operations, potassium citrate is introduced into the coronary blood vessels to arrest heartbeat. Formula: K3C6H5O7•H2O …   Useful english dictionary

  • potassium citrate — n a crystalline salt K3C6H5O7 used chiefly as a systemic and urinary alkalizer and in the treatment of hypokalemia * * * [USP] a systemic and urinary alkalizer, electrolyte replenisher, and diuretic; usually administered orally. It is sometimes… …   Medical dictionary

  • potassium citrate and citric acid oral solution — [USP] a solution of potassium citrate and citric acid monohydrate in an aqueous medium, providing approximately 2 mmol potassium per mL and used as an electrolyte replenisher …   Medical dictionary

  • Potassium chloride — This article is about the chemical compound. For other uses, see KCL. Potassium chloride …   Wikipedia

  • Citrate De Simmons — Milieu Citrate Simmons en tube incliné (non ensemencé) Sommaire 1 Usage 2 …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Citrate de simmons — Milieu Citrate Simmons en tube incliné (non ensemencé) Sommaire 1 Usage 2 …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Citrate De Christensen — Le citrate de Christensen est un type de milieu de culture servant à la culture bactérienne. Il se présente sous forme liquide et est utilisé tel quel. Composition extrait de levure (0,5 g) monochlorhydrate de cystéine (0,1 g) glucose (0,2 g)… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Citrate de christensen — Le citrate de Christensen est un type de milieu de culture servant à la culture bactérienne. Il se présente sous forme liquide et est utilisé tel quel. Composition extrait de levure (0,5 g) monochlorhydrate de cystéine (0,1 g) glucose (0,2 g)… …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Potassium — The major positive ion (cation) found inside of cells. The chemical notation for potassium is K+. The proper level of potassium is essential for normal cell function. An abnormal increase of potassium (hyperkalemia) or decrease of potassium… …   Medical dictionary

  • Citrate de Simmons — Milieu Citrate Simmons en tube incliné (non ensemencé) Sommaire 1 Usage 2 Composition …   Wikipédia en Français

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”